3) The support for net neutrality upholds the values of Indian constitutionalism. Analyse. (250 Words)

It upholds because , Art 16 states that there should be equality of opportunities in public employement, Art 14 which states that there should be equality of law.
On elaborating further, if every person is equally accessing the open ended internet, then he or she may have equal opportunities in looking for a job over the cyber space. This is one example. So, fundamental rights upholds.
Again if we consider prohibition of discriminatory tarriffs for data services regulation, 2016, then this brings equality before law. everyone is equal over the cyberspace, facebook or reliance which were trying to attract the people with free basics, was violative of this fundamental right. Hence, again constitution upholds.


* it also supports Art 21 as it provides the right to privacy, so ISP should not have any right to prevent users from accessing lawful internet content

2) According to WHO report, India accounted for 6% of global malaria cases and 7% of deaths caused by it in 2016. Why has India failed to eliminate Malaria? Examine. (150 Words)

1. Lack of data acquistion, strict data monitoring as seen in countries like Sri Lanka, and european countries. This makes difficult to control malaria
2. Lack of awareness among the masses, nation wide campaign like Darwaja Band for open defecation launched by ministry of driniking water and sanitation, can there be simiar campaign for malaria ?
3. Nurses, Anganwadi workers, Auxillary nurse midwifes, the bedrock of health scaffolding in the country: not empowered to train the masses about malaria
4. Fund access: are there suitable funds for controlling malaria (TB has more focus : as far as fund allocation is concerned)
5. How many countries have approached India in the recent past to handle malaria issues? Very few
6. lack of vaccine : still at research stage: Why can't WHO and best medical institutes like AIIMS and Ecole Polytechnnique in France, etc can come together and collaborate with each other?
All these are reasons. To control; innovative measures need to be deployed like  sale of medicated nets in rural areas, no potholes to allow stagnating water (using submersible pumps), issue malaria bonds as we have green bonds, to raise money from abroad (Guaranteers of such money shall be state government)

* society
*international -migration one view

1) Examine the impact Himalayan rivers have had on the evolution of Indus Valley Civilisation. (150 Words)

1.Himalayan rivers flow through a greater gradient and hence Indus valley civilisation would have many gullies, rills and erosional landforms. More silt deposited in the floodplains of the rivers , this would have caused the land more fertile, and so rice and other staple foodcrops, like barley might have been popular owing to this fact.
2. presence of rivers: mean economic set up around the rivers, villages, markets and other public gatherings. This would have caused Indus valley civilisation to grow.
3. Since the himalayan rivers are perennial, Indus valley civilisation, might not have received any break in its potential to flourish: sustaining the civilisation

Does the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 ensure effective mechanism for empowerment and inclusion of the intended beneficiaries in the society? Discuss

Empowerment need to be multi pronged: psychological, economical, physical, cultural and political.
This act does give the disabled, right to work, rght to medical access, righ to proper education, but does this psychologcally lift them? are there proper committees in the district under the charge of district collector, so that proper grievance mechanism are addressed, or is there transparency in addressing those. a lot need to be achieved on these front.
Web pages, W3 compliant, accessible india campaig, railways where coaches are retrifitted with the disabled friendly stairs, coach mitra initiative are some of the initiatives taken by the government.
There should be more state specific approach like Orissa, which has maximum no of disabled persons, budgetary allocation for social welfare schemes; should be maximum in orissa targeted at disabled people. Rcently there was global entrepreneur shummit; I wonder how many disabled persons would have received proper loans for starting new businesses under Start up India campaign from financial intermediaries like NBFCs/RRBs/MFI etc.

‘China is using its economic relations and positive trade surplus as tools to develop potential military power status in Asia’, In the light of this statement, discuss its impact on India as her neighbor. (150 words)

Impact on India: does this create a fear in India, that India will not be able to compete with it in the short and long run? Why should we fear? However, healthy competition need to be envisaged.
It impacts India in economic front, as of now,India is exploring act east policy, via trade surplus wit ASEAN countries, will this be affected? Because China laos engages in heavy trade with ASEAN countries, also biilding artificial islands in South east asia, so ASEAN countries are both in and out of the game with China, latter due to SOuth china sea disputes.
Political atmosphere also gets distrubed, Doklam issue recent. Millitary standoff, create tensions across the borders. Already we are at issue with China related to Tawang in Arunachal pradesh.
Also affects culturally. Low cost diwali items are imported from China to India, so will thsi relations be affected?
Also psychological impact, India constantly strugg;ing with China pakistan economci corridor, due to passign through POK. if China develops as millitary superpower, then this area, permanent stanfing of chinas millitary is a cause of concern for India.

3) “The possibility of indoctrination cannot be a reason for undermining personal autonomy.” Comment. (150 Words)

Recently, Hadiya case was unique, before the Supreme court judges; surely a fight between indoctrination and personal autonomy. Judges also opined: Hadiya has her own personal autonomy, she need not depend on her husband as guardian (even if she consents that she married her not because of compulsion, but of her own will, she was not forcibly indoctrinated). So, according to this example, personal autonomy can not be undermined, even if there has been several allegations that she has been forcibly indoctrinated. 

2) The attempt by the executive to subvert the independent function of the legislature and its secretariat has serious implications for Indian polity. Discuss critically these implications and comment if there should be an alternative manner to convene parliament. (250 Words)

Implications are: basic tenet of parliamentary form of government, where there is seperation of powers, executive is responsible to the legislature stands disturbed, in such cases. Ethically also is not in favour, executive subverting the secratriat for its own good, for the legidlsature main purpose is the dissemniation of information,even more important than making laws. So while executive, in cases where subverts the legislature;
1. masses are unaware of the debate held in the parliament
2. laws making is affected, sessions are short, some state legislatures have been known to hold session for only 3 days  or so, some 14 days. Is this democracy we want?
Parliament should be held keeping in mind:
1. elections in the state legislature, for e.g. recently, in gujarat, due to elections, winter session was postponed to be held from 14th Dec, this will prevent chaos, ethically a good practice.